Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes polymorphisms in children residing in an abandoned lead?zinc mine area in Kabwe, Zambia

Lead is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that poses serious health problems to humans, especially children. However, genetic variability in individuals varies their susceptibility lead poisoning. One possible factor polymorphism. Thus, this study aimed investigate the association between blood level (BLL), and polymorphisms delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) MspI (rs1800435) vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI (rs19735810), BsmI (rs15444410), ApaI (rs7975232) TaqI (rs731236) genes children exposed lead. A total of 140 (aged 2–10 years) were recruited areas living closer far away from an abandoned lead?zinc mine Kabwe, Zambia. Blood samples collected each child for BLLs analysis. All homozygous ALAD 1 allele, indicating there might be bioavailable children's which can transfer soft tissues brain. The distribution VDR gene showed major alleles prevalence's 81%, 80%, 68%, 75% FokI, BsmI, ApaI, polymorphisms, respectively. aa genotype significantly higher BLL compared other genotypes VDRs - TT was associated with increase exposure risk female (OR = 2.06; 95% CI:1.04–4.06, p 0.03). haplotype analysis 10 haplotypes frequency above 1%, FbAt protective role against toxicity. In conclusion, children, mainly at developing Further, larger scale sample sizes are needed corroborate variants on implications toxicity general population, particularly